Gina Raimondo Gets Letter In Support of Solar Tariffs from Steel Union Workers

Gina Raimondo Gets Letter In Support of Solar Tariffs from Steel Union Workers

Commerce Secretary Gina Raimondo was asked to impose anti-dumping and countervailing duties (AD/CVD) on Southeast Asian solar companies in a letter from the United Steelworkers Union (USW) on Aug. 27.

“USW has a stake, not only in the supply chains for products utilized in the manufacturing of solar cells and panels, but looks forward to representing workers at solar manufacturing facilities as well,” USW’s International President David McCall wrote in the letter, which was also sent to Amy Karpel, chairwoman of the International Trade Commission (ITC).

America’s green energy future needs to be built with American workers across the supply chains, in the factories, as well as in the installation, maintenance, and repair of such products. China has subsidized the construction of solar manufacturing facilities in other countries, particularly in Cambodia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam. A number of these facilities are state-owned and often make solar panels and cells using China-based materials. (These Southeast Asian subsidiaries) exist for a single purpose: to violate U.S. trade laws and dump in our market while avoiding enforcement actions.

Earlier this summer, a group of U.S.-based solar panel companies called the American Alliance for Solar Manufacturing Trade Committee petitioned the ITC to investigate Chinese multinationals exporting solar to the U.S. from Southeast Asia. China solar is subject to Section 201 solar safeguard tariffs. At least four Chinese solar companies in Southeast Asia are already subject to anti-dumping duties after losing a case brought by California-based Auxin Solar.

The Alliance’s case builds on the prior Auxin AD/CVD case.

The companies that were subsequently hit with higher import duties benefited from a two year moratorium on those tariffs by the Biden administration. That moratorium was given because the White House claimed that the U.S. could face energy uncertainty due to the Russia-Ukraine war, and needed to stockpile solar. China is the dominant force all along the solar supply chain.

 

See CPA’s report on China’s solar investments under the Inflation Reduction Act, titled “Is There Any Stopping China From Becoming The Solar OPEC?”

 

The moratorium gave Chinese solar companies a chance to rev up production and load U.S. customers with solar cells and panels in expectation of higher prices once tariffs hit because of the Auxin case.  Companies found to be circumventing the tariffs in 2022 were not expected to pay the higher duties due to the moratorium, which ended in June. This new trade case goes after the solar manufacturers in Southeast Asia that used that time period to dump solar into the U.S. market in anticipation of the June 2024 AD/CVD charges. 

In 2023, the International Energy Agency reported that there was a year and a half of stockpiled solar panels sitting in American warehouses, depressing prices of newly made solar here. This is important because the Inflation Reduction Act law was designed to get U.S. based production up and running in order to reduce imports. But now imports in that two year period have been so great, that prices had fallen by more than 50% last year. 

It is worse now.

One of the companies in the solar Alliance, German multinational Meyer Burger, said it will no longer go ahead with plans to build a 2 gigawatt solar cell manufacturing facility in Colorado Springs. A planned 0.7 gigawatt expansion of Meyer Burger’s existing 1.4 gigawatt module production plant in Goodyear, Arizona, has also been put on hold.   

The decision means Meyer Burger’s existing solar cell production site in Thalheim, Germany, will continue to form the backbone of the company’s solar cell supply chain, PV Magazine, a solar industry publication, reported on August 26.  The company wanted to take out a loan against tax credits it would be receiving for solar production under the IRA law, but that seems to have failed to materialize.

As it is, businesses are selling solar modules out of inventory for as low as 10 cents a watt, far below what a U.S. manufacturer needs to break-even at this time.

The Inflation Reduction Act Has Been a Boom for China Solar

Meanwhile, construction of U.S. solar-manufacturing plants by Chinese companies is surging, putting China in position to dominate solar even as the IRA was signed into law in order to avoid such an outcome. American companies, which are usually much smaller in size compared to their Chinese counterparts, are finding it difficult to compete with the double subsidies China enjoys. Like the U.S.-based players, they get the IRA benefits. But unlike the U.S. based players, they get access to other subsidies and hand-outs back home.

Chinese companies will have at least 20 gigawatts worth of solar panel making capacity on U.S. soil by next summer, enough to serve about half the U.S. market, according to a Reuters report in July.

According to a new study by CPA economist Andrew Rechenberg, solar imports from Vietnam have doubled since January 2024, reaching an all-time monthly high of 2.55 gigawatts in June 2024. 

A Wood Mackenzie report predicts the U.S. will install about 47 gigawatts in 2024. The official U.S. import data below shows that the U.S. is likely to import 52 gigawatts this year alone, more than the installation forecast. This means U.S. solar deployment on rooftops and in grass fields across the country could very well be met entirely by imports, gutting the need for the IRA or a U.S. solar industry. As a result of this import surge during the two year moratorium, domestic U.S. solar manufacturers are now in danger of getting crowded out of the market and the IRA is at risk of looking like it has one more to help Chinese solar companies than American ones.

In the letter, USW cited S&P Global proprietary trade data showing the four Southeast Asian nations facing AD/CVD complaints comprised 84% of solar panel imports in the fourth quarter of 2023. The value of imports of solar cells and modules from there rose by 141% from 2021 to 2023, reaching more than $12 billion.

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